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SEPTOPLASTY:
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection.
3. Injury to nerve of upper teeth.
4. Septal perforation.
5. Spinal fluid leak.
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SIGMOIDOSCOPY/PROCTOSCOPY:
1. Infection.
2. Bleeding which may require transfusion and/or surgery.
3. Perforation of colon or rectal wall which may require surgery.
4. Cardiac arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats).
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SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND SURGERY:
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection.
3. Injury to nerve of lip or tongue.
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THORACIC OR LUMBAR MANIPULATION/ADJUSTMENT:
Note: Itemization of the
procedures and risks under a particular
specialty does not preclude
other qualified practitioners from using those risks identified for that
particular procedure.
1. Disc herniation.
2. Soft tissue injury.
3. Rib fractures.
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TONSILLECTOMY:
1. Bleeding.
2. Injury to nerves to tongue.
3. Nasal speech.
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TUBES IN EARS:
1. Persistent infection.
2. Perforation of eardrum or cyst behind the eardrum requiring
surgical repair.
3. Need to surgically remove tubes.
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TYMPANOPLASTY (OPERATION ON EARDRUM):
1. Infection.
2. Injury to nerve of tongue causing loss of taste.
3. Loss of hearing.
4. Perforation (non-healing).
5. Ringing in ears.
6. Dizziness.
7. Graft failure.
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TYMPANOPLASTY WITH MASTOIDECTOMY (OPERATION ON EARDRUM AND
REMOVAL OF BOND BEHIND EAR):
1. Infection.
2. Injury to nerves of tongue causing loss of taste.
3. Injury to nerves of face causing paralysis.
4. Loss of hearing.
5. Ringing in ears.
6. Dizziness.
7. Hole in eardrum.
8. Graft failure.
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UROLOGY:
Nephrectomy (complete or partial removal of kidney):
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection.
3. Injury to adjacent organs such as lung, spleen, liver, bowel,
adrenal gland (if not removed).
4. Incomplete removal of tumor, if present.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)(using shock waves to break up
kidney or
ureteral stones):
1. Bleeding in or around kidney.
2. Obstruction of kidney by stone particles.
3. Failure to
completely fragment stone requiring repeat treatment
or other form of treatment.
4. High blood pressure (transient or permanent).
5. Loss of kidney.
Cystectomy with urinary diversion (removal of bladder with use of bowel to
drain urine):
1. Bleeding requiring blood transfusion.
2. Infection.
3. Injury to adjacent organs (bowel, blood
vessels, nerves, etc.).
4. Impotence (loss of erection functions).
5. Ostomy problems (scarring, infection) which might necessitate
re-operation.
Transurethral Prostatectomy (Turp) (use of lighted scope and cautery to
internally remove
portion of prostate causing blockage):
1. Bleeding requiring transfusion or re-operation.
2. Infection.
3. Injury to bladder or urethra or rectum.
4. Impotence.
5. Retrograde ejaculation ("dry
ejaculation"--backward flow of
ejaculate fluid into bladder)
producing infertility.
6. Bladder neck contracture--formation of scar tissue causing
bladder blockage requiring
repeat surgery or treatment.
7. Incontinence (urinary leakage).
Radical Prostatectomy (total removal of prostate gland):
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection.
3. Injury to adjacent organs (blood vessels, bowel, nerves).
4. Blockage of ureters (kidney drainage tubes).
5. Erectile dysfunction (impotence, i.e., loss of erection/ejaculation).
6. Incontinence (urinary leakage).
Bladder Suspension (MMR, Purerya - Procedure, Cystocele repair, etc.):
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection.
3. Blockage of ureters (kidney drainage tubes).
4. Persistent leakage.
5. Urinary fistula (abnormal hole in connection between bladder,
vagina, etc.).
6. Inability to void.
Vasectomy:
1. Bleeding
2. Infection.
3. Testicular swelling or pain/possible loss of testicular function.
4. Spermatic granuloma--nodule in cord at site of surgery.
5. Recanalization--"re-connection" of vas tube resulting in
becoming
fertile again.
Penile Implant:
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection (with possible loss of implant).
3. Penile pain or numbness.
4. Injury to bladder or urethra.
5. Problems with implantable prosthetic.
Orchiectomy (removal of testicle):
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection.
3. Loss of hormone
(testosterone) resulting in erection problems,
decreased energy, etc.
4. Loss of fertility (ability to have children).
Varicocele Repair (ligation/tying of spermatic veins):
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection.
3. Injury
to spermatic cord (vas deferens), testicular artery, nerves.
4. Testicular swelling or pain.
5. Possible loss of testicle due to
blood vessel injury or infection
(rare).
Transurethral Resection of Bladder:
1. Bleeding.
2. Infection.
3. Perforation of bladder.
4. Obstruction of ureter (kidney drainage tube).
Circumcision (removal of penile foreskin):
1. Ulceration and scarring of urine hole at tip of penis (meatal
stenosis).
2. Infection (minor or serious).
3. Bleeding.
4. Removal of too much or too little skin.
5. Skin bridge.
6. Fistula (abnormal hole in urine tube).
7. Buried penis.
Hernia/Hydrocele (removal of fluid filled sac):
1. Injury to sperm duct (vas deferens).
2. Injury to blood vessels of testis.
3. Atrophy
(shriveling) of the testicle with loss of function.
4. Reaccumulation of hernia or fluid in scrotum.
Hypospadias Repair (Correction of Penile
Curvature/Urethroplasty)
(Construction/reconstruction
of drainage tube from bladder):
1. Leakage of urine at surgical site.
2. Stricture formation.
3. Residual curvature of penis.
4. Disfiguring scars.
5. Injury to glans (head of penis).
6. Additional operations.
Ureteral Reimplantation (Reinserting ureter, tube between kidney and
bladder, into the bladder):
1. Leakage of urine at surgical site.
2. Obstruction to urine flow.
3. Damage to or loss of ureter.
4. Backward flow of urine from bladder into ureter (kidney drainage
tube).
5. Damage to other adjacent organs.
6. Damage to kidney.
Pyeloplasty (pyeloureteroplasty - reconstruction of kidney drainage
system):
1. Obstruction of urinary flow.
2. Leakage of urine at surgical site.
3. Injury to or loss of kidney.
4. Damage to adjacent organs.
5. Decrease in kidney function - temporary/permanent.
6. Infection with resultant failure of surgery and/or loss of kidney
function.
Orchiopexy (surgically placing an undescended testicle into the scrotum):
1. Removal of the testicle
2. Atrophy (shriveling) of the
testicle with loss of function
3. Injury to the vas deferens
4. Inability to completely bring the testicle into the scrotum in a
single surgical procedure.
5. Recurrent hernia formation.
6. Infection with possible loss of testicle.
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VASCULAR SURGERY:
Note: Itemization of the procedures and risks under a particular
specialty does not preclude
other qualified practitioners from using those risks
identified for that
particular procedure.
Carotid Endarterectomy:
1. Thrombosis of repair (clotting).
2.
Bleeding/hematoma (accumulation of blood), requiring re-operation.
3. Infection.
4. Transient or permanent stroke.
5. Nerve injury causing asymmetry of mouth, swallowing difficulty,
hoarseness,
weakness/atrophy and numbness of the tongue.
6. Myocardial infarction (heart attack).
7. Death.
Aortic Graft for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm or Occlusive Disease:
1. Bleeding/hematoma (accumulation of
blood), requiring re-operation.
2. Infection of graft.
3. Thrombosis or emboli.
4. Limb loss.
5. Kidney failure requiring dialysis.
6. Ischemia of bowel
(inadequate blood supply) with resulting loss
of bowel.
7. Ischemia of spinal cord (inadequate blood supply) with resulting
paraplegia
(paralysis of both legs).
8. Myocardial infarction (heart attack).
9. Death.
10. Sexual dysfunction in male, including infertility.
11. Temporary dependency on a
breathing machine (ventilator).
Arteriovenous Shunt for Hemodialysis (Artery Vein Fistula or Synthetic Graft):
1. Bleeding/hematoma (accumulation of blood),
requiring re-operation.
2. Infection.
3. False aneurysm (damaged blood vessel with swelling and risk of
rupture).
4. Recurrent thrombosis (clot).
5. Severe edema of extremity (swelling).
6. Inadequate blood supply to extremity.
7. Inadequate blood supply to nerves with resulting paralysis.
Femoral, Popliteal or Tibial Bypass Grafts:
1. Bleeding/hematoma (accumulation of blood), requiring re-operation.
2.
Necrosis (death) of skin around the incision with delayed healing.
3. Thrombi (clot).
4. Emboli (moving clot)--early or late.
5. Limb loss.
6. Nerve damage with permanent numbness/weakness.
7. Early or late thrombosis (late clotting) requiring re-operation.
8. Infection.
9. Myocardial infarction (heart attack).
10. Death.
Lumbar Sympathectomy:
1. Injury to major artery/vein.
2. Bleeding/hematoma (accumulation of blood), requiring
re-operation.
3. Injury to nerves (genitofemoral) with resulting numbness in
groin and genital area.
4. Sexual
dysfunction in male with resulting numbness, impotence and infertility.
5. Emboli (moving clots).
Thoracic Sympathectomy by Thoracotomy or Thoracoscopy or
Cervical Dorsal
Sympathectomy:
1. Horner's Syndrome (drooping eyelids and constricted pupil).
2. Injury to blood vessel.
3. Pneumothorax (collapsed lung) with bleeding.
4. Infection/empyema (pus collection in chest).
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VENTRICULAR ATRIAL SHUNT PLACEMENT:
Note: Itemization of the
procedures and risks under a particular
specialty does not preclude
other qualified practitioners from using those risks identified for that
particular procedure.
1. All of the material risks for ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement.
2. Heart failure.
3. Infection in blood stream.
4. Inclusion of large veins in chest.
5. Blood or fluid collection around heart.
6. Blood clots in the lung.
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VENTRICULOPERITONEAL SHUNT PLACEMENT:
Note: Itemization of the procedures and risks under a particular
specialty does not preclude
other qualified practitioners from
using those risks identified for that
particular procedure.
1. Malfunction of shunt due to infection.
2. Collection
of blood or fluid between brain and skull (subdural
hematoma/hygroma).
3. Headaches (low pressure syndrome).
4.
Development of condition requiring another shunt (e.g., isolated
ventricle).
5. Weakness or loss of sensation or other function due to placement
of catheter.
6. Blood clot in brain (intracerebral hematoma).
7. Failure to absorb fluid from peritoneal cavity (fluid in abdomen).
8. Blindness, seizures or epilepsy.
9. Leaks in catheter and its connections.
10. Injury to abdominal organs.
11. Mechanical failure.
12. Separation or migration of catheter.
13. Infection with or without malfunction of shunt.
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